Whether you’re dressing up for a themed party, a historical reenactment, or Halloween, Egyptian costumes are timeless and offer an unmistakable sense of elegance. In this article, we’ll explore the historical origins of Egyptian attire, how these styles have evolved, and how you can incorporate these ancient elements into modern-day costumes.

The Influence of Ancient Egypt on Costume Design

Egyptian costumes are largely inspired by the attire worn during the time of the Pharaohs, between 3,000 and 300 BCE. Clothing during this era was often a reflection of one’s social status and was designed to be both functional in Egypt’s hot climate and symbolic of religious and cultural values.

In ancient Egypt, the most common fabric used for clothing was linen. Derived from the flax plant, linen was lightweight and breathable, making it ideal for the hot, dry environment. For wealthier Egyptians, linen garments were finer and whiter, while those of lower status wore coarser, less pure materials. Egyptian clothing was often draped and pleated in complex ways, signifying class and fashion.

Jewellery, makeup, and headpieces played an equally significant role in completing an outfit. Egyptians believed that adornments held protective properties, serving not only aesthetic purposes but also religious and cultural significance. Gold was highly valued, along with precious stones such as lapis lazuli, turquoise, and carnelian.

The iconic imagery of Egyptian attire — from the flowing white gowns of royalty to the distinctive headdresses and intricate jewellery — provides endless inspiration for modern-day costumes.

Iconic Egyptian Costume Elements

Whether you’re aiming for an authentic representation of Egyptian royalty or a more modern interpretation of an ancient look, several key elements define Egyptian costumes. These elements have been adapted and modernized over the years, but they retain their ancient roots.

1. Flowing White Garments: Ancient Egyptians typically wore simple tunics or kilts that were made from linen. Women’s dresses were often long and sheath-like, while men usually wore a short kilt wrapped around the waist. For Egyptian costumes, flowing white robes or dresses can evoke this historical attire. For a more authentic feel, these garments are often adorned with pleats and draping to mimic the fashion of the time.
2. Gold Accents and Jewelry: No Egyptian costume is complete without the addition of jewellery. Ancient Egyptians wore ornate accessories that often served a symbolic purpose. Gold, representing the flesh of the gods, was particularly important and reserved for the most high-ranking members of society. Statement necklaces, wide gold cuffs, and armlets are essential accessories for Egyptian costumes. Adding colourful stones or beads, especially lapis lazuli or turquoise, can also enhance the authenticity of the look.
3. Eye Makeup: Ancient Egyptians were known for their dramatic eye makeup, especially the use of kohl, a black substance used to line the eyes in a bold, winged fashion. The famous almond-shaped eye makeup is said to have protective properties, as it symbolises the “Eye of Horus,” a powerful amulet that provides protection and healing. In modern-day Egyptian costumes, recreating this iconic eye makeup is a must. Black eyeliner can be used to create the signature winged look, while eyeshadow in shades of gold, bronze, or green can enhance the effect.
4. Headdresses and Crowns: Egyptian royalty wore elaborate headpieces that symbolized power and divinity. One of the most iconic is the Nemes headdress, famously worn by King Tutankhamun, which features bold stripes of gold and blue. Another recognizable piece is the Atef Crown, worn by the god Osiris, which had a tall white cone-shaped structure with ostrich feathers on each side. When designing or purchasing an Egyptian costume, headpieces such as a Cleopatra-style crown or a Pharaoh’s headdress are vital to complete the look.
5. Belts and Sashes: Belts or sashes were worn by both men and women in ancient Egypt to add structure to their garments. In modern costumes, wide gold or metallic belts can be used to define the waist and add a touch of royal grandeur. Bejeweled or adorned sashes can provide an additional layer of opulence.
6. Sandals: While often overlooked, footwear is an essential aspect of any Egyptian costume. Ancient Egyptians wore sandals made from papyrus or leather. For modern-day purposes, strappy sandals in neutral tones or gold are perfect for completing the look. For a more comfortable or casual event, flat sandals work well, but if you’re aiming for a more glamorous appearance, opt for gold gladiator sandals that lace up the leg.

Popular Egyptian Costume Inspirations

When it comes to Egyptian costumes, several historical figures and mythological icons are often used as inspiration. Here are some of the most popular figures to emulate:

1. Cleopatra

Perhaps the most famous Egyptian figure, Cleopatra VII is often depicted in popular culture as a symbol of beauty, intelligence, and seduction. A Cleopatra costume typically includes a regal, form-fitting gown, an ornate gold headdress or crown, and bold eye makeup. Her attire often includes detailed embroidery, gold accents, and stunning jewellery, reflecting her status as a queen and one of Egypt’s last rulers.

2. Pharaohs

Pharaohs were the kings of ancient Egypt, considered to be both political and religious leaders. The most recognizable pharaoh in popular culture is Tutankhamun, often referred to as King Tut. A Pharaoh costume includes a striped Nemes headdress, a gold collar or chest plate, and a royal kilt or tunic. Male pharaoh costumes can be paired with staff, while female pharaoh costumes often feature long, elegant gowns and large decorative jewellery.

3. Nefertiti

Another iconic figure from ancient Egypt is Queen Nefertiti, who was known for her beauty and influence during her reign alongside Pharaoh Akhenaten. Nefertiti costumes typically include a tall, cylindrical headdress known as the Nefertiti crown, paired with a finely draped gown and elaborate gold jewellery. The makeup is also key, with accentuated eyes and strong, angular features.

4. Goddesses and Gods

Egyptian mythology offers a plethora of costume ideas, with gods and goddesses like Isis, Osiris, Horus, and Anubis often serving as inspiration. These divine figures are typically adorned with elaborate headdresses, gold accessories, and symbolic items. For instance, an Isis costume might include large, wing-like arm cuffs, while an Anubis costume would incorporate a jackal mask and staff.

Modern Takes on Egyptian Costumes

While many Egyptian costumes aim to recreate the historical and mythological imagery of ancient Egypt, there are also modern and creative adaptations of this timeless style. Costume designers and wearers alike have put contemporary twists on the traditional Egyptian look by playing with colour, fabrics, and cuts.

• Metallic Fabrics: Gold, silver, and bronze are often used to add a futuristic or glamorous flair to Egyptian costumes. Instead of traditional linen, costumes made from metallic fabrics create a striking, modern appearance while still maintaining an ancient Egyptian essence.
• Body-Con Silhouettes: Many modern Egyptian costumes incorporate more form-fitting designs, highlighting the body’s curves while keeping iconic elements like headpieces and collars intact.
• Pop Culture Interpretations: Pop culture has reimagined Egyptian styles in everything from music videos to fashion shows. For instance, music icons like Beyoncé and Katy Perry have performed in Egyptian-inspired costumes that blend contemporary fashion with ancient symbolism.

Where to Find Egyptian Costumes

Egyptian costumes can be found in costume shops, online retailers, and even custom-designed by artisans who specialize in historical or themed costumes. When shopping for an Egyptian costume, it’s essential to consider the quality of the materials, the accuracy of the design, and your comfort during long wear.

DIY Egyptian Costumes

For those who prefer a personal touch or a more budget-friendly option, DIY Egyptian costumes are a fun and creative project. By using simple materials like linen fabric, gold spray paint, and faux gemstones, you can recreate many of the iconic elements of Egyptian fashion at home.

Some easy DIY elements include:

• Creating a Gold Collar: Use cardboard cut into a large circular shape, paint it gold, and decorate it with faux gemstones.
• Making a Headdress: With a simple headband, you can attach strips of fabric or metallic paper to mimic the look of a pharaoh’s headpiece.

Conclusion

Egyptian costumes remain a popular and exciting choice for people looking to embody the grace, power, and mysticism of one of history’s most influential civilizations. Whether you’re dressing as Cleopatra, a pharaoh, or an ancient god or goddess, Egyptian attire offers a unique blend of history, fashion, and symbolism. With a mix of flowing garments, gold jewellery, bold makeup, and intricate accessories, you can capture the essence of ancient Egypt while expressing your style.